In today’s world, lighting systems are becoming more energy efficient and this is only one reason why LED lighting is becoming so popular. In fact, LED is taking over in some sectors because it is so efficient and generates a great deal less heat in the process. However, LED lights operate on low voltage systems and this makes the LED transformer very important. Here is more information on this vital component.
LED Drivers
An LED transformer is often part of an LED driver. The driver is there to regulate power to the lights. LED or light emitting diode type systems need to have special drivers to regulate current for three main reasons:
* LED lighting needs voltage much lower than standard AC current (which is usually between 110 and 120 volts). A transformer in the driver lowers the current to anywhere between 12 and 24 volts. Because this LED transformer lowers voltage, it is often referred to as a “buck” transformer. On the other hand, transformers which increase voltage are called “boost” transformers.
* Once the voltage is lowered it must be changed from AC (alternating) to DC (direct current). AC current rapidly changes polarity about 60 times per second, and this is not suitable for LED lights. The driver contains a rectifier which can transform the AC to DC current, and it can be part of the transformer unit.
* Current regulation – this is very important because just the slightest variance in LED current can cause lights to flicker or change in intensity. It’s important for lighting systems to maintain a constant illumination and the LED driver takes care of this issue.
Internal and External Drivers
Many smaller household LED lighting systems have built-in drivers. In fact, some drivers are part of LED bulb assemblies. However, larger LED systems usually require external or separate drivers with an LED transformer.
Checking LED Transformers
If an LED light system stops working, the problem may be with the transformer. For example, you may notice there is current going to the driver, but no current is being delivered to the lights. Here are the steps for testing the LED transformer.
* Make sure power is off to the system.
* Remover the cover and locate the wires.
* Place your meter leads across the red and black wires, and set the meter for ohms (resistance).
* You should note resistance in the circuit. If you have zero resistance, there is an open circuit and the transformer is possibly burned out. You also can use a continuity checker and if there is no continuity (buzzer or light) the circuit is open.
* If you are careful you can check the leads with the power on. It should register within the specified voltage of the LED transformer.
